Root Canal Treatment: Everything You Need to Know
A root canal treatment, also known as endodontic therapy, is a dental procedure that helps save a severely infected or damaged tooth. When an infection occurs, seeking treatment quickly prevents further complications. During this procedure, the dentist drills a small hole into the affected tooth to access and remove the dental pulp—the soft inner tissue made up of nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissue. Since the pulp chamber extends into the tooth roots, untreated infections can spread, leading to severe pain or abscesses.
When is a Root Canal Necessary?
Dentists recommend a root canal procedure when the dental pulp becomes inflamed or infected due to:
- Deep cavities (tooth decay) – Bacteria reach the pulp when decay penetrates too deeply.
- Cracked or fractured teeth – Even minor cracks can expose the pulp, increasing the risk of infection.
- Repeated dental procedures – Multiple treatments on the same tooth weaken its structure and make it more vulnerable.
- Trauma or injury – A strong impact, even if it doesn’t break the tooth, can damage the pulp internally.
Without treatment, an infected tooth may cause swelling, intense pain, and even tooth loss. Fortunately, root canal therapy removes the infection, prevents further damage, and restores the tooth’s function.
How is a Root Canal Performed?
A root canal procedure follows these essential steps:
- Applying Local Anesthesia – The dentist numbs the area to ensure a painless experience.
- Drilling an Opening – They create a small hole in the tooth to access the infected pulp.
- Removing the Infected Pulp – The dentist carefully extracts the soft tissue, eliminating the infection.
- Cleaning and Sealing the Canal – They disinfect the space and fill it with a biocompatible material to prevent reinfection.
- Restoring the Tooth – Finally, the dentist places a dental crown or filling to strengthen and protect the tooth.
